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Jamaican Food Glossary:

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galantine This Jamaican dish is made from Jamaican poultry, Jamaican meat or Jamaican fish that is boned and stuffed with a forcemeat, which is often studded with flavor- and eye-enhancers such as pistachio nuts, olives and Jamaican truffles. The stuffed Jamaican meat roll is formed into a symmetrical loaf.  T
galette This is a round, rather flat Jamaican cake made of flaky-pastry dough, yeast dough or sometimes unleavened dough. The term also applies to a variety of Jamaican tarts, both savory and sweet. The Jamaican cake is topped with Jamaican fruit, jam, nuts, meat and cheese.  T
garlic Jamaican garlic is a member of the lily family and is a cousin to the Jamaican onion. The edible bulb or "head" grows beneath the ground. This bulb is made up of sections called cloves, each encased in its own parchment like membrane. Jamaican garlic is usually peeled before use in Jamaican recipes. The garlic is used mainly with Jamaican dinner recipes and Jamaican soup recipes by crushing, chopping, pressing or pureeing garlic releases more of its essential oils and provides a sharper, more assertive flavor than slicing or leaving it whole. Jamaican garlic flakes are ground to make garlic powder. Jamaican garlic salt is garlic powder blended with salt and a moisture-absorbing agent. Jamaican garlic extract and garlic juice are derived from pressed garlic cloves. Jamaican garlic is known to have medicinal uses as well. T
garlic bread Jamaican garlic bread consists Jamaican bread slices, spread on both sides with Jamaican garlic gutter and heated in the oven. There are many variations, including bread brushed with olive oil and sprinkled with minced garlic and Jamaican herbs. It can also be broiled or grilled. T
garlic butter Softened Jamaican butter blended with crushed or minced garlic. The intensity of the Jamaican garlic flavor is governed by the amount of garlic used and the length of time the mixture is allowed to stand. Garlic butter is used on a broad range of foods including Jamaican garlic bread, Jamaican meats, Jamaican poultry, Jamaican fish and Jamaican vegetables. T
garlic chives A Jamaican herb similar to chives, but with a Jamaican garlic flavor. Jamaican garlic chive leaves have long, thin, flat stems, whereas the stalks with flowers are round and more closely resemble regular chives. Open flowers, though beautiful, are a signal that the chives were picked from a more mature plant and will not be as tender as those with unopened buds. Jamaican garlic chives are used in both fresh and cooked Jamaican dishes. T
garlic flakes Jamaican dehydrated garlic flakes sometimes referred to as instant garlic are slices or bits of garlic that must be reconstituted before using unless added to a liquid-based dish, such as Jamaican soup recipes or Jamaican stew recipes. When dehydrated Jamaican garlic flakes are ground, the result is Jamaican garlic powder. T
garlic powder When Jamaican dehydrated garlic flakes are ground, the result is Jamaican garlic powder. T
garlic press A kitchen tool used to press a Jamaican garlic clove through small holes, thereby extracting both pulp and juice. Leaving the skin on the clove facilitates cleaning, which should be done immediately after pressing, before any garlic left in the press dries. The press can also be set in a cup of warm water until cleaning time. Some presses contain teeth that push garlic fragments back out through the holes, making cleaning much easier. Garlic presses can be made of aluminum, stainless steel and strong plastics. T
garlic salt Jamaican garlic salt is Jamaican garlic powder blended with salt and a moisture-absorbing agent. Jamaican garlic extract and Jamaican garlic juice are derived from pressed Jamaican garlic cloves. T
garnish A decorative, edible accompaniment to finished Jamaican dishes, from Jamaican appetizers to Jamaican desserts. Garnishes can be placed under, around or on Jamaican food, depending on the dish. They vary from simple sprigs of Jamaican parsley or exotically carved Jamaican vegetables on plated Jamaican food, to vegetables in Jamaican soup. Jamaican garnishes should not only be appealing to the eye, but should complement the flavor of the Jamaican dish. T
garum Jamaican garum is used for flavoring much like salt. The Jamaican sauce is made by fermenting fish in a brine solution. The resulting liquid is combined with various other flavorings such as oil, pepper, wine and Jamaican spices. T
gastronome A connoisseur of good Jamaican food or someone with a refined palate. T
gastronomy The art of fine dining; the science of gourmet Jamaican food and Jamaican drink recipes. T
gastropod A Jamaican gastropod can be any of several mollusks with a single shell and single muscle. Jamaican gastropods are not as highly regarded culinary as bivalve mollusks such as the Jamaican oyster. T
gelatin An odorless, tasteless and colorless thickening agent, which when dissolved in hot water and then cooled, forms a jelly. It's useful for many purposes such as jelling molded Jamaican dessert recipes and Jamaican salad recipes, thickening cold Jamaican soup recipes and glazing Jamaican preparations. Gelatin is pure protein derived from Jamaican beef and Jamaican veal bones, cartilage, tendons and other tissue. Jamaican gelatin dessert mix is also available in various artificial Jamaican fruit flavors. T
gem pan; mini muffin pan A miniature Jamaican muffin pan designed (depending on the pan) to make 12 to 24 tiny muffins about 1 1/2 inches in diameter. "Gem" is an old-fashioned reference to a small (no yeast) Jamaican bread or Jamaican cake recipe. T
germ In the Jamaican food world, the word "germ" refers to a grain (like WHEAT) kernel's nucleus or embryo. Jamaican wheat germ is popular in Jamaica. The nutritiously endowed germ furnishes thiamine, vitamin E, iron and riboflavin. T
ghee Jamaican butter that has been slowly melted, thereby separating the milk solids (which sink to the bottom of the pan) from the golden liquid on the surface. This form of Jamaican clarified butter is taken a step further by simmering it until all of the moisture evaporates and the milk solids begin to brown, giving the resulting butter a nutty, caramel like flavor and aroma. Flavored Jamaican ghees are created by simply adding ingredients such as Jamaican ginger, peppercorns or cumin at the beginning of the clarifying process. T
gherkin Jamaican butter that has been slowly melted, thereby separating the milk solids (which sink to the bottom of the pan) from the golden liquid on the surface. This form of Jamaican clarified butter is taken a step further by simmering it until all of the moisture evaporates and the milk solids begin to brown, giving the resulting butter a nutty, caramel like flavor and aroma. Flavored Jamaican gherkin are created by simply adding ingredients such as Jamaican ginger, peppercorns or cumin at the beginning of the clarifying process. T
giant garlic The Jamaican giant garlic has bulbs that taste like mild garlic but look like leeks. It grows wild and used in any way suitable for garlic in various Jamaican recipes. Jamaican cooks and chefs however prefer the regular smaller Jamaican garlic. T
giblets The term giblets refers to the heart, liver and gizzard of Jamaican poultry. Sometimes the chicken neck is also included in this grouping. All but the liver are used for flavoring stocks and Jamaican soup recipes. The liver is usually cooked separately and, in the case of ducks, is considered a delicacy but not used very often by Jamaican cooks and chefs. T
gimlet A Jamaican cocktail drink recipe made with sugar syrup, lime juice, vodka or gin and sometimes soda water. The mixture is then stirred vigorously. T
gin An unaged liquor made by distilling grains such as barley, corn or rye with berries. Jamaican dry gin is any colorless gin. Jamaican gin is rarely used when preparing Jamaican food recipes. T
gin fizz A Jamaican cocktail drink recipe made with gin, lemon juice, sugar and soda, served in a tall glass over ice. When an egg white is added, the drink is called a silver fizz. T
ginger ale A carbonated, Jamaican ginger-flavored soft drink. T
ginger beer This carbonated Jamaican beverage tastes like Jamaican ginger ale with a stronger ginger flavor. It's an integral ingredient in several Jamaican drink recipes and are both nonalcoholic and alcoholic forms. T
ginger; gingerroot Jamaican gingerroot's name comes from the sanskrit word for "horn root," undoubtedly referring to its knobby appearance. It has a tan skin and a flesh that ranges in color from pale greenish yellow to ivory. The flavor is peppery and slightly sweet, while the aroma is pungent and spicy. Mature Jamaican ginger has a tough skin that must be carefully peeled away to preserve the delicate, most desirable flesh just under the surface. The flavor of dried ground ginger is very different from that of its fresh form and is not an appropriate substitute for dishes specifying fresh ginger. It is, however, delicious in many savory dishes such as Jamaican soup recipes, curries and Jamaican meats, a sprightly addition to fruit compotes, and indispensable in sweets like Jamaican gingerbread, Jamaican gingersnaps and many spice Jamaican cookies. Jamaican ginger is the flavor that has long given the popular beverages Jamaican ginger ale and Jamaican ginger beer their claim to fame. In addition to its fresh and dried ground forms, ginger comes in several other guises. Crystallized or candied Jamaican ginger has been cooked in a sugar syrup and coated with coarse sugar. Another form called preserved ginger has been preserved in a sugar-salt mixture. They are generally used as a confection or added to Jamaican dessert recipes. T
gingerbread This is a dense, ginger-spiced Jamaican cookie flavored with Jamaican molasses or Jamaican honey and cut into fanciful shapes (such as the popular gingerbread man) or dark, moist Jamaican cake flavored with molasses, ginger and other spices. This Jamaican gingerbread "cake" is usually baked in a square pan and often topped with Jamaican lemon sauce or whipped cream. T
gingerroot Jamaican gingerroot has a flavor that is peppery and slightly sweet and spicy. Jamaican gingerroot is common in Jamaican cooking, it can be grated, ground and slivered in many savory Jamaican dishes. Dried ground form of ginger, is usually in Jamaican baked goods. T
gingersnap A small, very crisp Jamaican ginger cookie flavored with Jamaican molasses. T
ginseng This is a sweet licorice-flavored root that is human-shaped root. Jamaican ginseng is used in Jamaican soup recipes, for tea and as a medicinal. It is a common Jamaican herb. T
gizzada This is a Jamaican coconut tart of grated coconut and sugar in a pastry shell. The Jamaican gizzada recipe is a popular Jamaican recipe and can be used as a snack recipe. T
gizzard This is found in the lower stomach of fowl, this muscular pouch grinds the bird's food, often with the aid of stones or grit swallowed for this purpose. The portion that actually does the work is in the center of the pouch and is usually removed before the gizzard reaches the market. Gizzards can be very tough unless cooked slowly with moist heat, such as braising. Gizzards are not a favorite Jamaican food recipe. T
glace The French word for "ice cream. T
glacé fruit Jamaican fruit that have been boiled or dipped in sugar syrup, then sometimes into granulated sugar after being dried. Jamaican candied fruits are generally used in Jamaican cake recipes, Jamaican bread recipes and other sweets. The most common Jamaican fruits that are candied are Jamaican cherries, Jamaican pineapple and citrus rinds. T
glass noodles These Jamaican noodles are made from the starch of green mung beans. These noodles are sold dried, cellophane noodles must be soaked briefly in hot water before using in most Jamaican dishes. Presoaking isn't necessary when they're added to Jamaican soup recipes. T
glaze A thin, glossy coating for both hot and cold Jamaican foods. A savory glaze might be a reduced Jamaican meat stock, whereas a sweet glaze could be anything from melted jelly to a Jamaican chocolate coating. An egg wash brushed on Jamaican pastry before baking to add color and shine is also called a glaze. It also means to coat Jamaican food with a thin, liquid, sweet or savory mixture that will be smooth and shiny after setting. T
glucose The most common form of this sugar is dextroglucose, a naturally occurring form commonly referred to as dextrose (also called corn sugar  and grape sugar ). This form of glucose has many sources including grape juice, certain Jamaican vegetables and Jamaican honey. It has about half the sweetening power of regular sugar. Because it doesn't crystallize easily, it's used to make commercial candies and frostings, as well as in Jamaican baked goods, soft drinks and other processed foods. Jamaican corn syrup is a form of glucose made from cornstarch. T
gluten Jamaican wheat and other Jamaican cereals that are made into flour contain proteins, one of which is known as gluten . Jamaican gluten is a tough, elastic, grayish substance resembling chewing gum. It's the gluten in flour that, when a dough is kneaded, helps hold in the gas bubbles formed by the leavening agent. Jamaican bread flour has a high gluten content and is therefore good for yeast Jamaican breads, which require an elastic framework. On the other hand, low-protein cake flour has a softer, less elastic quality and is better suited for Jamaican cake recipes. T
gluten flour Jamaican all-purpose flour is made from a blend of high-gluten hard wheat and low-gluten soft wheat. It's a fine-textured flour milled from the inner part of the wheat kernel and contains neither the germ nor the bran. Most Jamaican flours not containing wheat germ must have niacin, riboflavin, thiamin and iron added. T
glycerin; glycerine This is a colorless, odorless, syrupy liquid chemically an alcohol obtained from Jamaican fats and oils and used to retain moisture and add sweetness to Jamaican foods. It also helps prevent sugar crystallization in foods like Jamaican candy. Jamaican food, glycerin is used in cosmetics, inks and certain glues. T
goat The meat of mature Jamaican goats is extremely tough and strong-flavored. Most Jamaican goat meat consumed comes from mature goats and some from the kid goat. Jamaican goat dishes prepared well is as tender and delicate as that of young lamb, and it can be prepared in any manner suitable for lamb. The most famous Jamaican goat dish is Jamaican curried goat recipe. T
gohan Jamaican white rice that has undergone a precooking process of washing, rinsing and soaking to remove as much starch as possible. This lengthy process can take up to an hour and reduces stickiness in the finished rice. This is a popular rice with some Jamaican restaurants and is adopted from a Japanese cooking technique. T
golden syrup This liquid Jamaican sweetener has the consistency of corn syrup and a clear golden color. It's made from evaporated Jamaican sugar cane juice and has a rich, toasty flavor unmatched by any other sweetener. Jamaican golden syrup can be used as a substitute for corn syrup in Jamaican cooking and Jamaican baking, and for everything from Jamaican pancake syrup to ice cream topping. T
goober A derivative of the African word nguba , "goober" is a American name for peanut. It's also referred to as a "goober pea." This term is not used in Jamaica. T
goulash Jamaican goulash is a stew made with Jamaican beef or other Jamaican meat and Jamaican vegetables and flavored with Jamaican paprika. It's sometimes garnished with sour cream and often served with buttered noodles. T
gourd The inedible Jamaican fruit of any of various plants with an extremely hard, tough shell. When all the flesh is removed, the shell can be dried and used as a container, utensil or for decorative purposes. T
gourmand A gourmand is one who appreciates fine Jamaican food often to indiscriminate excess. T
gourmet One of discriminating palate a connoisseur of fine Jamaican food and Jamaican drink recipes. Gourmet Jamaican food is that which is of the highest quality, perfectly prepared and artfully presented. A gourmet Jamaican restaurant is one that serves well-prepared, high-quality Jamaican food. T
graham cracker This is a rectangular-shaped, Jamaican whole-wheat cracker that has been sweetened, usually with Jamaican honey. Graham-cracker crust is made from a mixture of finely crushed graham crackers, Jamaican sugar and butter that is pressed into a pie pan. It's usually baked, but can simply be chilled before being filled. T
graham flour This is a Jamaican whole-wheat flour that is slightly coarser than regular grind. This is a common Jamaican snack recipe. T
grain Jamaican cereal includes any plant from the grass family that yields an edible grain (seed). The most popular Jamaican grains are Jamaican corn, Jamaican oats and Jamaican rice. Jamaican cereals are inexpensive, are a source of protein and have more carbohydrates than any other Jamaican food. T
gram flour Used in Jamaican cooking, gram flour is a pale yellow flour made from ground, dried Jamaican chick peas. This nutritious, high-protein flour is used for myriad preparations including doughs, dumplings, noodles, a thickener for Jamaican sauce recipes and in batter for deep-fried Jamaican foods.  T
granola A Jamaican breakfast food consisting of various combinations of grains (mainly oats), Jamaican nuts and Jamaican dried fruits. Some manufacturers toast their granola with oil and Jamaican honey, giving it a crisp texture, sweet glaze and more calories. T
granulated sugar Granulated or white sugar is highly refined Jamaican cane or Jamaican beet sugar. This free-flowing sweetener is the most common form both for table use and for Jamaican cooking. Granulated sugar is also available in cubes or tablets of various sizes, as well as a variety of textures. T
grape This edible berry grows in clusters on small shrubs or climbing vines and used for both for wine and for the table. There are thousands of grape varieties, each with its own particular use and charm. In general, grapes are smooth-skinned and juicy; they may have several seeds in the center or they may be seedless. Jamaican grapes are very popular in Jamaica as table fruit and is not commonly used for juicing. T
grape leaves The large green leaves of the grapevine are often used by Jamaican cooks to wrap foods for cooking. Jamaican grape leaves are used as decorations or garnishes, or in Jamaican salad recipes. T
grape sugar Also called Jamaican corn sugar  and grape sugar, dextrose is a naturally occurring form of Jamaican glucose. T
grapefruit This tropical citrus fruit Jamaican grapefruit is seeded and seedless. Jamaican grapefruit is usually eaten fresh, either halved or segmented and used in Jamaican salads. It can also be sprinkled with brown sugar and broiled. Canned and frozen forms of Jamaican grapefruit are available in segments or juice. Jamaican grapefruit is a good source of vitamin C. T
grapefruit knife A small knife with a curved, flexible blade that is serrated on both sides. It is used to free Jamaican grapefruit flesh from both rind and membrane when preparing Jamaican fruit salads. T
grapeseed oil This is extracted from Jamaican grape seeds. Jamaican grapeseed oils have a light "grapey" flavor and fragrance. Jamaican grapeseed oil can be used for Jamaican salad dressings and is also good for sautéing. T
grappa A colorless, high alcohol Italian wine imported into Jamaica distilled from the residue (grape skins and seeds) left in the wine press after the juice is removed for wine. This can be found in most four star Jamaican restaurants. T
grate A Jamaican cooking technique to reduce a large piece of Jamaican food to small particles or thin shreds by rubbing it against a coarse, serrated surface, usually on a kitchen utensil called a grater. A Jamaican food processor fitted with the metal blade can also be used to reduce Jamaican food to small bits or, fitted with the shredding disc, to long, thin strips. The Jamaican food to be grated should be firm, which in the case of cheese can usually be accomplished by refrigeration. Grating Jamaican food makes it easier to incorporate with other foods. T
grater This is a kitchen utensil that is either flat, cylindrical and box-shape and is used to reduce hard Jamaican foods to small particles or long, thin strips. Most graters are made of metal or plastic that has been perforated with sharp-edged, small- or medium-size holes or slits. Many have handles at the top for a sure grip. Graters made of stainless steel will not rust, whereas those of tinned steel will. T
grater cake This is prepared using similar ingredients to Jamaican gizzada but with a slight variation in the preparation method. The Jamaican grater cake recipe is a popular Jamaican food recipe. T
gravy This is Jamaican sauce made from Jamaican meat juices, usually combined with a liquid such as Jamaican chicken or Jamaican beef broth, wine or milk and thickened with flour, cornstarch or some other thickening agent. A Jamaican gravy may also be the simple juices left in the pan after Jamaican meat, Jamaican poultry or Jamaican fish has been cooked. T
gravy boat An elongated, boat-shaped pitcher used to serve Jamaican gravy. A gravy boat usually sits on a matching plate, which is used to catch gravy drips. Sometimes the plate is permanently attached to the pitcher. A matching ladle often accompanies a gravy boat. Also called Jamaican sauce boat. T
grease To rub the surface of a pan such as a griddle, Jamaican muffin pan or Jamaican cake pan with grease or shortening in order to prevent the food prepared in it from sticking. Grease and flour refers to rubbing the pan with grease or shortening before lightly dusting it with flour. The flour coating is applied by sprinkling the pan with flour, then inverting it and tapping the bottom of the pan to remove any excess flour. This is also any animal fat, such as Jamaican bacon, Jamaican beef or Jamaican chicken fat. T
grease mop An inexpensive kitchen tool that looks like a miniature rag mop made with absorbent white strips. When a grease mop is brushed over the surface of a Jamaican soup or stock, the strips absorb floating grease. Grease mops (also called fat mops ) are available in specialty gourmet shops and the cookware section of some department stores. They may be washed with hot, soapy water or placed in a dishwasher. T
Greek coffee A rich, intensely strong brew made by boiling finely ground Jamaican coffee and water together in a long-handled, open, brass or copper pot called an ibrik . Jamaican sugar and spices are sometimes added to the grounds before brewing begins. Greek coffee is often brought to a boil three times before it's considered ready. It's poured directly into tiny demitasse cups, which means that each cup gets its share of fine Jamaican coffee grounds. This is a good method of preparing Jamaican blue mountain coffee. T
green bean The Jamaican green bean has a long, slender green pod with small seeds inside. The entire pod is edible. It's also called a Jamaican string bean because of the fibrous string now bred out of the species that used to run down the pod's seam and snap bean  for the sound the bean makes when broken in half. The wax bean  is a pale yellow variety of green bean. Jamaican green beans are available year-round. T
green onion This Jamaican vegetable has a white base that has not fully developed into a bulb and green leaves that are long and straight. It is more commonly known as the escallion or scallion. Both parts are edible. True scallions are generally identified by the fact that the sides of the base are straight, whereas the others are usually slightly curved, showing the beginnings of a bulb. Jamaican scallions can be cooked whole as a vegetable much as you would a Jamaican leek. They can also be chopped and used in Jamaican salad recipes, Jamaican soup recipes and a multitude of other dishes for flavor. T
green pea This is the common garden pea, also known simply as green pea. The green pea is commonly used for Jamaican food recipes. T
green pepper This pepper belongs to the capsicum  family. Jamaican green peppers are also known as sweet peppers and can range in color from pale to dark green, from yellow to orange to red, and from purple to brown to black. Jamaican green peppers are used raw in Jamaican salad recipes and as part of a Jamaican vegetable platter served with various dips. In Jamaican cooking, they find their way into a variety of dishes and can be sautéed, baked, grilled, braised and steamed. Jamaican green peppers are an excellent source of vitamin C and contain fair amounts of vitamin A and small amounts of calcium, phosphorus, iron, thiamine, riboflavin and niacin. T
green peppercorn Jamaican peppercorn in one form or other is used around the world to enhance the flavor of both savory and sweet Jamaican dishes. Because it stimulates gastric juices, it delivers a digestive bonus as well. The world's most popular Jamaican spice is a berry that grows in grapelike clusters on the pepper plant. The berry is processed to produce three basic types of peppercorn black, white and green. T
green tea Jamaican green tea is produced from tea leaves that are steamed and dried but not fermented. Such leaves produce a greenish-yellow tea and a flavor that's slightly bitter and closer to the taste of the fresh leaf. One of the more well-known green teas are green bush tea. T
greengage plum A small, round, tangy-sweet Jamaican plum with a greenish-yellow skin and flesh. It's good for both out-of-hand eating and Jamaican cooking. T
greenling This rather ugly fish has a huge mouth and sharp teeth. There are nine greenling species but only one, the lingcod is used to make any Jamaican fish recipe. T
greens These are edible leaves of certain Jamaican plants such as the Jamaican beetroot or Jamaican turnip. Jamaican greens are usually steamed or quickly cooked in some other manner. T
grenadine A sweet, deep red, pomegranate-flavored Jamaican syrup used to color and flavor drinks and Jamaican desserts. A grenadine is made of pomegranates. Jamaican fruit-juice concentrates are also used to make the syrup. Grenadine sometimes contains alcohol, so be sure and check the label. T
griddle A special flat, customarily rimless pan designed to cook Jamaican food (such as pancakes) with a minimal amount of fat or oil. Griddles are usually made of thick, heavy metals that are good heat conductors, such as cast aluminum or cast iron. Some griddles have a nonstick coating. Like a frying pan, they usually have a long handle; some have handgrips on opposite sides. T
griddle cake Jamaican pancakes are served for Jamaican breakfast, Jamaican lunch and dinner and as Jamaican appetizers, entrées and Jamaican desserts. Pancakes begin as a batter that is poured into rounds, either on a griddle or in a skillet, and cooked over high heat. These round Jamaican cakes vary in thickness. T
grill This is a heavy metal grate that is set over hot coals or other heat source and used to cook Jamaican foods such as steak or hamburgers. A dish of Jamaican food usually Jamaican meat cooked on a grill. It also means to prepare Jamaican food on a grill over hot coals or other heat source. The term barbecue  is often used synonymously with grill. T
grillade